[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":217},["ShallowReactive",2],{"chapter:p4ch16:en":3,"chapters:p4:en":37},{"period":4,"chapter":14},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"html":17,"zooms":18,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":34,"realm":31,"seoDescription":35,"thumbnailUrl":36},"p4ch16","Louis III and Carloman II: Two Kings Facing the Vikings (879–884)","\u003Cp>When \u003Cstrong>Louis the Stammerer\u003C/strong> dies in \u003Cstrong>879\u003C/strong>, West Francia is ruled by two young sovereigns: his sons \u003Cstrong>Louis III\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong>Carloman II\u003C/strong>.\u003Cbr>\nAccording to Carolingian tradition, the kingdom is not entrusted to a single heir but shared within the dynasty.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The two brothers therefore rule \u003Cstrong>jointly\u003C/strong>, each controlling part of the territory while asserting a common authority over the kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Louis_III_and_Carloman_II_coronation_in_the_Les_grandes_Chroniques_de_France.jpg\" alt=\"Coronation of Louis III and Carloman II\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Coronation of Louis III and Carloman II — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But the situation is fragile.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Carolingian dynasty, once powerful under \u003Cstrong>Charlemagne\u003C/strong>, has weakened.\u003Cbr>\nGreat regional aristocrats now hold considerable power, while borders are threatened by external enemies.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Three main dangers weigh on the kingdom:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Viking raids\u003C/strong>, which regularly devastate rivers and towns;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>the ambitions of the great\u003C/strong>, able to contest royal authority;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>political fragmentation\u003C/strong>, illustrated by \u003Cstrong>Boso\u003C/strong>, elected king in Provence.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>In this context, stability no longer depends only on kings themselves.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Power also rests on those who control \u003Cstrong>armies, abbeys, and political networks\u003C/strong>. Among them, one figure plays a central role: \u003Cstrong>Hugh the Abbot\u003C/strong>, an influential adviser and real organiser of royal power.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch16z3\">Zoom – Hugh the Abbot: the kingdom’s strongman\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚖️ 879–880: two kings, one kingdom to stabilise\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>At the start of their reign, \u003Cstrong>Louis III\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong>Carloman II\u003C/strong> must first \u003Cstrong>consolidate legitimacy\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Their accession comes at a moment of political tension: some great men hesitate to fully recognise their authority, while rival ambitions appear in different regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/King_Boson_of_Provence.JPG\" alt=\"Boso of Provence\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Boso of Provence — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In the South, \u003Cstrong>Boso of Provence\u003C/strong> takes advantage of the situation to be proclaimed king in \u003Cstrong>879\u003C/strong>, breaking with the Carolingian tradition that only members of the dynasty can wear the crown.\u003Cbr>\nThis reveals a deep transformation: royal power now depends more on the support of the great than on dynastic legitimacy alone.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Meanwhile, \u003Cstrong>Lotharingia\u003C/strong> remains a major strategic stake.\u003Cbr>\nThis territory between West and East Francia has been contested for decades.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Empire_carolingien_880.png\" alt=\"Carolingian Empire in 880\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Carolingian Empire in 880 — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>880\u003C/strong>, an agreement is reached among Carolingian rulers to stabilise borders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch16z1\">Zoom – 880: the Treaty of Ribemont\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This treaty marks an important step: \u003Cstrong>Lotharingia passes definitively under East Francia’s authority\u003C/strong>.\u003Cbr>\nIn exchange, West Francia gains a form of diplomatic stability that allows it to concentrate forces elsewhere.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Because the most immediate threat comes from the North.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🐉 Vikings: war and prestige\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Since the mid‑9th century, \u003Cstrong>Vikings\u003C/strong> have multiplied expeditions in the Frankish kingdoms.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These warriors from Scandinavia sail along coasts and up great rivers — \u003Cstrong>Seine, Loire, Somme\u003C/strong> — to attack towns, monasteries, and markets.\u003Cbr>\nTheir strategy rests on \u003Cstrong>mobility\u003C/strong>: they strike quickly, plunder, and depart before royal armies can react.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For Frankish kings, these attacks are both:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>a \u003Cstrong>military danger\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>and a \u003Cstrong>political challenge\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>A sovereign unable to defend his realm risks losing support from the great.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Kings therefore seek \u003Cstrong>spectacular victories\u003C/strong> able to restore prestige.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>It is in this context that one of the reign’s most famous clashes takes place.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch16z2\">Zoom – 881: Saucourt, victory against the Vikings\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>881\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Louis III\u003C/strong> wins an important victory against a Viking army at \u003Cstrong>Saucourt‑en‑Vimeu\u003C/strong>, near today’s Somme.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Dassy-Invasions_normandes.jpg\" alt=\"Battle of Saucourt‑en‑Vimeu\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Battle of Saucourt‑en‑Vimeu — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The battle quickly becomes a symbol of Frankish resistance.\u003Cbr>\nIt is celebrated in a heroic poem in Old High German, the \u003Cstrong>Ludwigslied\u003C/strong>, which glorifies the king as defender of the Christian people against pagans.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Ludwigslied_Manuscript_Valenciennes_p._1%2B2.jpg\" alt=\"First two pages of the Ludwigslied\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>First two pages of the Ludwigslied — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The victory temporarily strengthens royal authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But it does not end raids.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Vikings continue to travel rivers and threaten the richest regions of the kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧩 882–884: rapid successions, unstable power\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Despite Saucourt, the brothers’ reign is very brief.\u003Cbr>\nEvents unfold quickly and once again weaken the kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>⚔️ 882: the death of Louis III\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>882\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Louis III\u003C/strong> dies suddenly at about eighteen years old.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Chroniclers report a death as sudden as it is unusual: the king is said to have been the victim of a horse accident during a chase in the streets of a town.\u003Cbr>\nTrying to pursue a young woman fleeing before him, he would have struck a door lintel or obstacle violently and died of his wounds.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His disappearance shocks the kingdom.\u003Cbr>\nYoung and victorious at \u003Cstrong>Saucourt\u003C/strong>, Louis III embodied hope for a renewal of royal authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>After his death, his brother \u003Cstrong>Carloman II\u003C/strong> remains the sole king of West Francia.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>👑 882–884: Carloman II’s solitary reign\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Carloman II becomes the kingdom’s only sovereign.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His solo reign remains brief and relatively poorly known.\u003Cbr>\nHe must keep facing the same difficulties as his predecessors:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>continued Viking pressure,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>rivalries among great aristocrats,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>and a royal power dependent on political alliances.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>The role of advisers and great men, notably \u003Cstrong>Hugh the Abbot\u003C/strong>, remains essential to maintain some stability.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>🏹 883: Viking offensives under Carloman II\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>During Carloman II’s solitary reign, Viking attacks continue to threaten Carolingian realms.\u003Cbr>\nIn \u003Cstrong>October\u003C/strong>, a Viking army advances to the \u003Cstrong>ford of Laviers\u003C/strong>, on the \u003Cstrong>Somme\u003C/strong>. Carloman tries to block them by positioning his army at \u003Cstrong>Miannay\u003C/strong>, but the Franks are defeated. Forced to retreat beyond the \u003Cstrong>Oise\u003C/strong>, the king cannot prevent Vikings from settling at \u003Cstrong>Amiens\u003C/strong>, strengthening their presence in the region.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>At the same time, other Viking bands push further east and sail up the \u003Cstrong>Rhine\u003C/strong>, threatening religious and political centres. Archbishop \u003Cstrong>Liutbert of Mainz\u003C/strong>, with \u003Cstrong>Count Henry of Franconia\u003C/strong>, manages to stop them as they move toward the abbey of \u003Cstrong>Prüm\u003C/strong>, an important imperial monastery. Vikings then retreat toward \u003Cstrong>Duisburg\u003C/strong>, where they establish a camp and winter, showing how hard it is for Carolingian rulers to prevent these mobile armies from establishing durable footholds in certain regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>💰 884: a truce bought from the Vikings\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>At the beginning of \u003Cstrong>884\u003C/strong>, Viking pressure becomes so intense that the kingdom’s great men seek a pragmatic solution.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On \u003Cstrong>2 February 884\u003C/strong>, the main lords of \u003Cstrong>West Francia\u003C/strong>, gathered at \u003Cstrong>Compiègne\u003C/strong>, decide to negotiate with the Vikings settled at \u003Cstrong>Amiens\u003C/strong>. They propose a huge sum — \u003Cstrong>12,000 pounds of silver\u003C/strong> — in exchange for their departure.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Northmen accept and grant \u003Cstrong>Carloman II\u003C/strong> a \u003Cstrong>truce until October\u003C/strong>, giving him time to raise the promised sum.\u003Cbr>\nBut this truce does not mean peace: Vikings continue expeditions and ravage the \u003Cstrong>right bank of the Scheldt\u003C/strong>, exploiting royal weakness.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>🏹 December 884: the death of Carloman II\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>A few months later, fate strikes the Carolingian dynasty again.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>December 884\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Carloman II\u003C/strong> dies during a \u003Cstrong>hunting party\u003C/strong>, probably after being mortally wounded by a \u003Cstrong>boar\u003C/strong>, according to several chronicles.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Jean_Charles_Joseph_Remond_%281795-1875%29_-_Carloman_bless%C3%A9_%C3%A0_mort_dans_la_for%C3%AAt_d%27Yveline.jpg\" alt=\"Carloman mortally wounded\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Carloman mortally wounded — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Like his brother Louis III, dead two years earlier, he disappears \u003Cstrong>young and without an heir able to succeed him\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This brutal disappearance leaves \u003Cstrong>West Francia without a direct king\u003C/strong> and opens a new period of political uncertainty, forcing the realm’s great men to look for another Carolingian to ensure continuity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>🌍 Calling Charles the Fat\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>With no direct heir, the great men take a pragmatic decision:\u003Cbr>\nthey call \u003Cstrong>Charles the Fat\u003C/strong>, another member of the Carolingian dynasty, to rule.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Charles already governs several major territories:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>East Francia\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Italy\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>and he also holds imperial dignity.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>His accession to the throne of West Francia allows, for a time, \u003Cstrong>a large part of Charlemagne’s former empire\u003C/strong> to be reunited under one sovereign.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But this unity remains fragile.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Charles the Fat will soon face the same difficulties as his predecessors:\u003Cbr>\naristocratic ambitions, political crises… and above all the persistent \u003Cstrong>Viking\u003C/strong> threat.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch16z4\">Zoom – 884: Carloman’s death and the arrival of Charles the Fat\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>879\u003C/strong>: Louis III and Carloman II become kings of West Francia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Their authority depends heavily on support from the great, notably \u003Cstrong>Hugh the Abbot\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>880\u003C/strong>: the Treaty of Ribemont fixes the border with East Francia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>881\u003C/strong>: Louis III defeats Vikings at \u003Cstrong>Saucourt\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>882–884\u003C/strong>: the successive deaths of both kings plunge the realm into a new phase of instability.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>Image credits\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Coronation of Louis III and Carloman II — Anonymous, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Boso of Provence — Odejea, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Carolingian Empire in 880 — Gundan, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\u003C/a>, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Battle of Saucourt‑en‑Vimeu — Palace of Versailles, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Ludwigslied manuscript — Municipal Library of Valenciennes, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Carloman mortally wounded — Jean‑Charles‑Joseph Rémond, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",[19,22,25,28],{"id":20,"title":21},"p4ch16z1","880: The Treaty of Ribemont",{"id":23,"title":24},"p4ch16z2","881: Saucourt, Victory Against the Vikings",{"id":26,"title":27},"p4ch16z3","Hugh the Abbot: The Kingdom’s Strongman",{"id":29,"title":30},"p4ch16z4","884: Carloman’s Death and the Arrival of Charles the Fat","",true,false,"879 à 884","Après 879, deux rois et un royaume sous pression viking ; le pouvoir se joue aussi chez les grands. When Louis the Stammerer dies in 879 , West Francia is","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch16.jpg",{"period":38,"chapters":42},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":39,"coverArtworkId":41},{"fileName":31,"filePageUrl":31,"imageUrl":40,"sourceLabel":31},"/assets/carousels/p4/Alma-Tadema The Education of the Children of Clovis.jpg","alma-tadema-the-education-of-the-children-of-clovis",[43,49,56,63,69,75,81,87,94,100,107,113,119,125,131,137,143,149,155,161,167,173,175,181,187,193,199,205,211],{"id":44,"title":45,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":46,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":47,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":48,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch1","Clovis: The King Who Forged Gaul","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch1.jpg","Le premier grand roi franc et l'unification de la Gaule.","481 à 511",{"id":50,"title":51,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":52,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":53,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":54,"realm":55,"ready":32},"p4ch2","Theuderic I: Heir of the East (Austrasia)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2.jpg","Le partage de 511 et la naissance de l'Austrasie.","511 à 534","Austrasie",{"id":57,"title":58,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":59,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":60,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":61,"realm":62,"ready":32},"p4ch2b","Clodomir: Orléans and the Burgundian War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2b.png","Division of the Frankish kingdom after the death of Clovis — Source: Wikimedia Commons","511 à 524","Orléans",{"id":64,"title":65,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":66,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":60,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":67,"realm":68,"ready":32},"p4ch2c","Childebert I: Paris, Alliances, and Expansion","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2c.jpg","511 à 558","Paris",{"id":70,"title":71,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":72,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":73,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":74,"realm":55,"ready":32},"p4ch3","Theudebert I: Austrasia’s King Looking Toward Rome","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3.png","Un roi d'Austrasie, entre Méditerranée, monnaie et ambitions italiennes.","534 à 548",{"id":76,"title":77,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":78,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":79,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":80,"realm":55,"ready":32},"p4ch3b","Theudebald: A Brief Reign in Austrasia","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3b.png","The Frankish kingdom in 548 — Source: Wikimedia Commons","548 à 555",{"id":82,"title":83,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":84,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":85,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":86,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch4","Chlothar I: The Last Son of Clovis","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch4.jpg","Rivalités mérovingiennes et retour au royaume unique (558).","511 à 561",{"id":88,"title":89,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":90,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":91,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":92,"realm":93,"ready":32},"p4ch5","Chilperic I: Ambition and the Royal Feud","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5.jpg","Les luttes de pouvoir et la rivalité Frédégonde-Brunehaut après 561.","561 à 584","Neustrie",{"id":95,"title":96,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":97,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":98,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":99,"realm":55,"ready":32},"p4ch5b","Sigebert I: Austrasia and the Brothers’ War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5b.jpg","In 561 , King Chlothar I , the last son of Clovis , died. As in the previous generation, his kingdom was divided among his sons.","561 à 575",{"id":101,"title":102,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":103,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":104,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":105,"realm":106,"ready":32},"p4ch5c","Guntram: Burgundy and Merovingian Arbitration","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5c.jpg","After King Chlothar I died in 561 , the Frankish kingdom was once again divided among his sons.","561 à 592","Bourgogne",{"id":108,"title":109,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":110,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":111,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":112,"realm":68,"ready":32},"p4ch5d","Charibert I: Paris and a Brief Reign","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5d.png","In 561 , after King Chlothar I died, the Frankish kingdom was divided among his sons according to Merovingian tradition.","561 à 567",{"id":114,"title":115,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":116,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":117,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":118,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch6","Chlothar II: The Survivor and the Unifier","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch6.png","La fin de la Faide royale et la réunification du royaume franc.","584 à 629",{"id":120,"title":121,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":122,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":123,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":124,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch7","Dagobert I: The Last Great Merovingian King","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch7.png","L'âge d'or mérovingien, Saint Éloi et la fondation de Saint-Denis.","629 à 639",{"id":126,"title":127,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":128,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":129,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":130,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch8","The Mayors of the Palace: Power Shifts (639–687)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch8.jpg","Après Dagobert, la réalité du pouvoir passe aux maires du palais.","639 à 687",{"id":132,"title":133,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":134,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":135,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":136,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch9","Pepin of Herstal: Prince of the Franks (687–714)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch9.png","Après Tertry, Pépin de Herstal gouverne comme l'homme fort du royaume.","687 à 714",{"id":138,"title":139,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":140,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":141,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":142,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch10","Charles Martel: Ruling Without a Crown (714–741)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch10.png","Après 714, Charles Martel devient l'homme fort du royaume franc.","714 à 741",{"id":144,"title":145,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":146,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":147,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":148,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch11","Pepin the Short: From Real Power to the Crown (741–768)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch11.png","Après 741, Pépin transforme le pouvoir pépinide en royauté.","741 à 768",{"id":150,"title":151,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":152,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":153,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":154,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch12","Charlemagne: Inherit, Conquer, Scale Up (768–814)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch12.png","Après 768, Charlemagne unifie le pouvoir et change d’échelle.","768 à 814",{"id":156,"title":157,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":158,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":159,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":160,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch13","Louis the Pious: The Empire Put to the Test (814–840)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch13.png","À partir de 814, Louis le Pieux tente de maintenir l’unité impériale face aux crises successorales.","814 à 840",{"id":162,"title":163,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":164,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":165,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":166,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch14","Charles the Bald: The Birth of West Francia (840–877)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch14.png","Après 840, la Francie occidentale se stabilise entre guerre civile, Vikings et pouvoirs locaux.","840 à 877",{"id":168,"title":169,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":170,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":171,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":172,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch15","Louis the Stammerer: A Short Reign, a Fragile Kingdom (877–879)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch15.png","Après 877, Louis le Bègue hérite d’un royaume fragilisé et doit composer avec les grands.","877 à 879",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":36,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":174,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":34,"realm":31,"ready":32},"Après 879, deux rois et un royaume sous pression viking ; le pouvoir se joue aussi chez les grands.",{"id":176,"title":177,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":178,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":179,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":180,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch17","Charles the Fat: Carolingian Unity and the Crisis of Power (884–888)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch17.jpg","Le siège de Paris (885–886) met à nu la crise du pouvoir carolingien, jusqu’à la rupture de 887–888.","884 à 888",{"id":182,"title":183,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":184,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":185,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":186,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch18","Odo: The Robertian King and the War of Prestige (888–898)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch18.jpg","Eudes impose une royauté robertienne par sacres, alliances et victoires, face à Charles le Simple.","888 à 898",{"id":188,"title":189,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":190,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":191,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":192,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch19","Charles the Simple: Norman Compromise, Imperial Ambitions, and Fall (898–929)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch19.jpg","Retour carolingien : compromis de 911, axe lotharingien, ambitions impériales, puis déposition et captivité.","898 à 929",{"id":194,"title":195,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":196,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":197,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":198,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch20","Robert I: The Robertian King of Civil War (922–923)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch20.jpg","Règne bref et décisif : sacre de 922, guerre civile, mort à Soissons et transition vers Raoul.","922 à 923",{"id":200,"title":201,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":202,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":203,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":204,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch21","Rudolph of Burgundy: King of the Franks Between Princes and Normans (923–936)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch21.jpg","Règne de Raoul : arbitrer entre princes, stabiliser la Normandie, puis succession carolingienne (936).","923 à 936",{"id":206,"title":207,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":208,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":209,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":210,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch22","Louis IV \\\"d’Outremer\\\": Carolingian Return and the Princes’ War (936–954)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch22.jpg","Restauration carolingienne : rivalité avec Hugues le Grand, crise lotharingienne, capture de 945, puis consolidation.","936 à 954",{"id":212,"title":213,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":214,"thumbnailArtworkId":31,"hasEn":32,"isFallback":33,"teaser":215,"coverFit":31,"coverPosition":31,"chronicle":216,"realm":31,"ready":32},"p4ch23","Lothair and Louis V: The End of the Carolingians (954–987)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch23.jpg","Lothaire et Louis V : guerre avec l’Empire, crise lotharingienne, mort de 987 et bascule capétienne.","954 à 987",1778543069549]