[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":229},["ShallowReactive",2],{"chapter:p4ch23:en":3,"chapters:p4:en":49},{"period":4,"chapter":14},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"html":17,"zooms":18,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":46,"realm":43,"seoDescription":47,"thumbnailUrl":48},"p4ch23","Lothair and Louis V: The End of the Carolingians (954–987)","\u003Cp>When \u003Cstrong>Louis IV\u003C/strong> dies in \u003Cstrong>954\u003C/strong>, the Carolingian dynasty does not collapse: it continues with his son \u003Cstrong>Lothair\u003C/strong>, anointed on \u003Cstrong>12 November 954\u003C/strong> at \u003Cstrong>Saint‑Remi of Reims\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Sacre_Lothaire_France.jpg\" alt=\"Anointing of Lothair at Saint‑Remi of Reims\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>Anointing of Lothair at Saint‑Remi of Reims — Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But this continuity is deceptive.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The kingdom has profoundly changed. The king no longer dominates: he arbitrates. Princes — above all the Robertians — control most military and territorial resources. In the East, Ottonian power becomes an unavoidable factor.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The reign opens on a lasting tension:\u003Cbr>\nhow to restore an effective kingship in a kingdom dominated by its own vassals and framed by the Empire?\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z1\">Zoom – 954: anointing at Reims and a tutelary government\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧭 954–956: kingship under supervision\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Lothair comes to the throne young. His power is initially framed by major figures who structure the kingdom’s balance.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On the one hand, his mother \u003Cstrong>Gerberga\u003C/strong>, heir to Carolingian and Ottonian networks, plays a central role. She embodies dynastic continuity and a cautious diplomatic line oriented toward accommodation with the Empire.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On the other hand, \u003Cstrong>Hugh the Great\u003C/strong>, duke of the Franks, remains the kingdom’s real arbiter. As under Louis IV, monarchy functions with a “second” indispensable to government yet able to impose his own balances.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This dominance shows concretely in \u003Cstrong>955\u003C/strong>. At Easter, Hugh organises great festivities at \u003Cstrong>Paris\u003C/strong> for the young king. But the ceremony is also alliance policy:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>he betroths his son \u003Cstrong>Otto\u003C/strong> to \u003Cstrong>Liégarde\u003C/strong>, daughter of \u003Cstrong>Gilbert of Chalon\u003C/strong>, consolidating influence in Burgundy;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>he marries his daughter \u003Cstrong>Emma\u003C/strong> to \u003Cstrong>Richard of Normandy\u003C/strong>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>another daughter, \u003Cstrong>Beatrice\u003C/strong>, is already linked to the count of Bar.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Through these unions, Hugh weaves a princely network that far exceeds the royal court.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Hugh also draws the king into his military projects. In \u003Cstrong>955\u003C/strong>, Lothair accompanies Hugh against Duke \u003Cstrong>William “Towhead”\u003C/strong> of Aquitaine. The expedition reaches \u003Cstrong>Poitiers\u003C/strong> but fails: William, supported by Auvergne lords, gathers an army and forces a retreat. The king acts, but still within the duke’s initiatives.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A third actor completes this system: \u003Cstrong>Bruno of Cologne\u003C/strong>, Lothair’s uncle and brother of \u003Cstrong>Otto I\u003C/strong>. Archbishop and duke of Lotharingia, he embodies Ottonian influence and continues to orient western balances.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The year \u003Cstrong>956\u003C/strong> is a turning point. On \u003Cstrong>8 April\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Otto\u003C/strong>, Hugh’s son, becomes duke of Burgundy after \u003Cstrong>Gilbert of Chalon\u003C/strong> dies. Then, on \u003Cstrong>16 June\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Hugh the Great\u003C/strong> dies at \u003Cstrong>Dourdan\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His death does not instantly free the king. It opens uncertainty. His son \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong>, still young, inherits positions, but \u003Cstrong>Lothair delays recognising him\u003C/strong> as duke of the Franks. This hesitation temporarily weakens the princely centre.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Others take advantage: the counts \u003Cstrong>Theobald of Blois\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong>Fulk of Anjou\u003C/strong> strengthen autonomy. In a context worsened by an \u003Cstrong>epidemic\u003C/strong>, the kingdom’s balance becomes more unstable.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z2\">Zoom – 956–960: Hugh Capet, princely power\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧨 960–977: tensions with the Empire, rise of princely power\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>After years of tutelage, Lothair gradually seeks to rule more independently. But princes remain powerful on the ground, and the kingdom’s equilibrium is tied to the Ottonian world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>960\u003C/strong>, a compromise stabilises matters. In the presence of \u003Cstrong>Bruno of Cologne\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong> and his brother \u003Cstrong>Otto\u003C/strong> pay homage to the king. Hugh becomes \u003Cstrong>duke of the Franks\u003C/strong>, Otto \u003Cstrong>duke of Burgundy\u003C/strong>. In theory, royal hierarchy is reaffirmed; in practice, the gap between royal legitimacy and princely power is underlined.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>961–962\u003C/strong>, the king nevertheless tries to regain initiative. He draws closer to Theobald of Blois, Geoffrey of Anjou, and Baldwin of Flanders, and intervenes against \u003Cstrong>Richard of Normandy\u003C/strong>. \u003Cstrong>Évreux\u003C/strong> is taken, but the Norman response is swift: Richard, aided by Danes, defeats Theobald before \u003Cstrong>Rouen\u003C/strong>, and Scandinavian bands ravage nearby regions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Meanwhile, in \u003Cstrong>962\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Otto I\u003C/strong> is crowned emperor in Rome. This imperial restoration changes the balance: Ottonian power now claims to embody the Western imperial inheritance. For Lothair, a strong emperor in the East narrows ambitions.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The king is not passive. In \u003Cstrong>965\u003C/strong>, after the death of \u003Cstrong>Arnulf the Old\u003C/strong>, he tries to assert rights in \u003Cstrong>Flanders\u003C/strong>, keeping positions up to the \u003Cstrong>Lys\u003C/strong>. In \u003Cstrong>966\u003C/strong>, the peace of \u003Cstrong>Gisors\u003C/strong> with the Normans, ratified by Lothair, recognises \u003Cstrong>Richard I\u003C/strong>’s authority over Normandy, in the vassalage of \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong>. The king still arbitrates, but order increasingly rests on agreements among princes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The crisis truly breaks out in \u003Cstrong>976–977\u003C/strong>. Lotharingia becomes an explosive stake again. In \u003Cstrong>977\u003C/strong>, the king’s brother \u003Cstrong>Charles\u003C/strong> accuses Queen \u003Cstrong>Emma of Italy\u003C/strong> of adultery with \u003Cstrong>Adalbéron of Laon\u003C/strong>. A synod clears them; Charles is expelled. Soon after, \u003Cstrong>Otto II\u003C/strong> grants Charles the \u003Cstrong>duchy of Lower Lotharingia\u003C/strong>. A family rupture becomes a major political challenge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z4\">Zoom – 976–977: Charles of Lorraine and the break with Otto II\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚔️ 978: showdown with Otto II\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>August 978\u003C/strong>, Lothair goes on the offensive. He invades toward \u003Cstrong>Aachen\u003C/strong>, imperial residence and a core symbol of Carolingian memory. Striking Aachen is a bid to reclaim Charlemagne’s legacy and contest Ottonian legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Lothair takes the city and surprises the imperial court; \u003Cstrong>Otto II\u003C/strong> narrowly escapes capture. But the success cannot be converted into durable domination.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The imperial response is rapid. On \u003Cstrong>1 October 978\u003C/strong>, Otto II invades West Francia, takes \u003Cstrong>Laon\u003C/strong>, then marches toward \u003Cstrong>Paris\u003C/strong>. The capital holds. Unable to take Paris, the emperor retreats on \u003Cstrong>30 November\u003C/strong>. During the withdrawal, the Ottonian rear‑guard is badly defeated on the \u003Cstrong>Aisne\u003C/strong> near \u003Cstrong>Soissons\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The episode can look like an equilibrium regained, but it also shows limits: the king can act spectacularly and resist invasion, yet cannot defeat the Empire nor impose lasting authority on disputed spaces.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z3\">Zoom – 978: Aachen and the siege of Paris\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🤝 979–982: secure succession, contain the Robertians\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>After 978, Lothair adopts a more cautious strategy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>979\u003C/strong>, he has his son \u003Cstrong>Louis\u003C/strong> anointed to secure succession and prevent dynastic challenge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>980\u003C/strong>, he meets \u003Cstrong>Otto II\u003C/strong> and accepts détente, effectively renouncing ambitions in \u003Cstrong>Lotharingia\u003C/strong> to stabilise the frontier.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But the policy has an internal cost. The \u003Cstrong>Robertians\u003C/strong>, especially \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong>, are sidelined; resentment grows while their territorial power consolidates.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Lothair tries to rebalance by turning south. The marriage of his heir in \u003Cstrong>982\u003C/strong> fits this logic: widen the royal base beyond the Île‑de‑France. Yet room for manoeuvre remains limited.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z6\">Zoom – 979–982: anoint the young Louis and tensions with the Robertians\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🏰 983–986: a last attempt in Lotharingia\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The death of \u003Cstrong>Otto II\u003C/strong> in \u003Cstrong>983\u003C/strong> opens a window. The Empire is entrusted to a child, \u003Cstrong>Otto III\u003C/strong>, and the regency creates instability. Lothair tries to return to \u003Cstrong>Lotharingia\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>He gains local supports and even reconciles with his brother \u003Cstrong>Charles\u003C/strong>. For a time, a Carolingian influence seems possible again.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But the window closes quickly. The \u003Cstrong>Peace of Worms (984)\u003C/strong> confirms Carolingian retreat and strengthens pro‑imperial networks, notably the \u003Cstrong>House of Ardennes\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Lothair tries direct action: in \u003Cstrong>985\u003C/strong>, he takes \u003Cstrong>Verdun\u003C/strong> and captures major figures. Yet he faces combined opposition: Lotharingian ecclesiastical networks, Ottonian influence, and \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong>’s intervention. When the king tries to judge \u003Cstrong>Adalbéron of Reims\u003C/strong> at \u003Cstrong>Compiègne (985)\u003C/strong>, Hugh breaks the assembly.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>It is a key moment: the king can no longer impose a major political decision against princes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z7\">Zoom – 983–986: Verdun and the last Lotharingian attempt\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚰️ 986–987: Louis V and dynastic end\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In early \u003Cstrong>986\u003C/strong>, Lothair still plans actions against the Empire, but he dies suddenly on \u003Cstrong>2 March 986\u003C/strong> at \u003Cstrong>Laon\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His son \u003Cstrong>Louis V\u003C/strong>, already associated with power, succeeds him. The reign is extremely brief.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Louis attempts to assert authority by convening an assembly at \u003Cstrong>Compiègne\u003C/strong> to judge \u003Cstrong>Adalbéron of Reims\u003C/strong>, symbol of pro‑imperial networks. But he does not have time.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On \u003Cstrong>22 May 987\u003C/strong>, during a hunt in the forest of \u003Cstrong>Halatte\u003C/strong> near \u003Cstrong>Senlis\u003C/strong>, Louis dies in a riding accident. He leaves no heir.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His death opens a major crisis. Two options oppose:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>continue Carolingian dynasty with \u003Cstrong>Charles of Lorraine\u003C/strong>;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>or choose a new king among the great men.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>The princes decide. In \u003Cstrong>987\u003C/strong>, they elect \u003Cstrong>Hugh Capet\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This is not only a change of man: it consecrates a deep evolution of royal power. The Carolingian dynasty disappears not in a sudden collapse, but because it can no longer dominate the kingdom it founded.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>🔍 \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/en/zoom/p4ch23z8\">Zoom – 987: Louis V’s death and the election of Hugh Capet\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>954\u003C/strong>: Lothair is anointed; kingship framed by princes and the Empire.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>956\u003C/strong>: Hugh Capet inherits durable Robertian power.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>976–978\u003C/strong>: break with the Empire and confrontation with Otto II.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>979–982\u003C/strong>: succession security, tensions with the Robertians.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>983–986\u003C/strong>: failed attempt to regain Lotharingia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>986–987\u003C/strong>: short reign of Louis V, death without heir.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>987\u003C/strong>: election of Hugh Capet, end of the Carolingians.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>Image credits\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Anointing of Lothair — Grandes Chroniques de France, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",[19,22,25,28,31,34,37,40],{"id":20,"title":21},"p4ch23z1","954: Anointing at Reims and a Tutelary Government",{"id":23,"title":24},"p4ch23z2","956–960: Hugh Capet, a Princely Power",{"id":26,"title":27},"p4ch23z3","978: Aachen and the Siege of Paris",{"id":29,"title":30},"p4ch23z4","976–977: Charles of Lorraine, Ardennes, and the Break with Otto II",{"id":32,"title":33},"p4ch23z5","986: A High‑Risk Succession",{"id":35,"title":36},"p4ch23z6","979–982: Anointing the Young Louis, Margut, and Crisis with the Robertians",{"id":38,"title":39},"p4ch23z7","983–986: Verdun, Ardennes, and the Lotharingian Attempt",{"id":41,"title":42},"p4ch23z8","987: Louis V’s Death and the End of the Carolingians","",true,false,"954 à 987","Lothaire et Louis V : guerre avec l’Empire, crise lotharingienne, mort de 987 et bascule capétienne. When Louis IV dies in 954 , the Carolingian dynasty does","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch23.jpg",{"period":50,"chapters":54},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":51,"coverArtworkId":53},{"fileName":43,"filePageUrl":43,"imageUrl":52,"sourceLabel":43},"/assets/carousels/p4/Alma-Tadema The Education of the Children of Clovis.jpg","alma-tadema-the-education-of-the-children-of-clovis",[55,61,68,75,81,87,93,99,106,112,119,125,131,137,143,149,155,161,167,173,179,185,191,197,203,209,215,221,227],{"id":56,"title":57,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":58,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":59,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":60,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch1","Clovis: The King Who Forged Gaul","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch1.jpg","Le premier grand roi franc et l'unification de la Gaule.","481 à 511",{"id":62,"title":63,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":64,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":65,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":66,"realm":67,"ready":44},"p4ch2","Theuderic I: Heir of the East (Austrasia)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2.jpg","Le partage de 511 et la naissance de l'Austrasie.","511 à 534","Austrasie",{"id":69,"title":70,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":71,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":72,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":73,"realm":74,"ready":44},"p4ch2b","Clodomir: Orléans and the Burgundian War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2b.png","Division of the Frankish kingdom after the death of Clovis — Source: Wikimedia Commons","511 à 524","Orléans",{"id":76,"title":77,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":78,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":72,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":79,"realm":80,"ready":44},"p4ch2c","Childebert I: Paris, Alliances, and Expansion","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2c.jpg","511 à 558","Paris",{"id":82,"title":83,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":84,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":85,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":86,"realm":67,"ready":44},"p4ch3","Theudebert I: Austrasia’s King Looking Toward Rome","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3.png","Un roi d'Austrasie, entre Méditerranée, monnaie et ambitions italiennes.","534 à 548",{"id":88,"title":89,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":90,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":91,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":92,"realm":67,"ready":44},"p4ch3b","Theudebald: A Brief Reign in Austrasia","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3b.png","The Frankish kingdom in 548 — Source: Wikimedia Commons","548 à 555",{"id":94,"title":95,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":96,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":97,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":98,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch4","Chlothar I: The Last Son of Clovis","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch4.jpg","Rivalités mérovingiennes et retour au royaume unique (558).","511 à 561",{"id":100,"title":101,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":102,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":103,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":104,"realm":105,"ready":44},"p4ch5","Chilperic I: Ambition and the Royal Feud","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5.jpg","Les luttes de pouvoir et la rivalité Frédégonde-Brunehaut après 561.","561 à 584","Neustrie",{"id":107,"title":108,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":109,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":110,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":111,"realm":67,"ready":44},"p4ch5b","Sigebert I: Austrasia and the Brothers’ War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5b.jpg","In 561 , King Chlothar I , the last son of Clovis , died. As in the previous generation, his kingdom was divided among his sons.","561 à 575",{"id":113,"title":114,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":115,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":116,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":117,"realm":118,"ready":44},"p4ch5c","Guntram: Burgundy and Merovingian Arbitration","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5c.jpg","After King Chlothar I died in 561 , the Frankish kingdom was once again divided among his sons.","561 à 592","Bourgogne",{"id":120,"title":121,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":122,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":123,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":124,"realm":80,"ready":44},"p4ch5d","Charibert I: Paris and a Brief Reign","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5d.png","In 561 , after King Chlothar I died, the Frankish kingdom was divided among his sons according to Merovingian tradition.","561 à 567",{"id":126,"title":127,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":128,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":129,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":130,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch6","Chlothar II: The Survivor and the Unifier","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch6.png","La fin de la Faide royale et la réunification du royaume franc.","584 à 629",{"id":132,"title":133,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":134,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":135,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":136,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch7","Dagobert I: The Last Great Merovingian King","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch7.png","L'âge d'or mérovingien, Saint Éloi et la fondation de Saint-Denis.","629 à 639",{"id":138,"title":139,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":140,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":141,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":142,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch8","The Mayors of the Palace: Power Shifts (639–687)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch8.jpg","Après Dagobert, la réalité du pouvoir passe aux maires du palais.","639 à 687",{"id":144,"title":145,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":146,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":147,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":148,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch9","Pepin of Herstal: Prince of the Franks (687–714)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch9.png","Après Tertry, Pépin de Herstal gouverne comme l'homme fort du royaume.","687 à 714",{"id":150,"title":151,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":152,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":153,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":154,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch10","Charles Martel: Ruling Without a Crown (714–741)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch10.png","Après 714, Charles Martel devient l'homme fort du royaume franc.","714 à 741",{"id":156,"title":157,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":158,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":159,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":160,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch11","Pepin the Short: From Real Power to the Crown (741–768)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch11.png","Après 741, Pépin transforme le pouvoir pépinide en royauté.","741 à 768",{"id":162,"title":163,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":164,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":165,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":166,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch12","Charlemagne: Inherit, Conquer, Scale Up (768–814)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch12.png","Après 768, Charlemagne unifie le pouvoir et change d’échelle.","768 à 814",{"id":168,"title":169,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":170,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":171,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":172,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch13","Louis the Pious: The Empire Put to the Test (814–840)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch13.png","À partir de 814, Louis le Pieux tente de maintenir l’unité impériale face aux crises successorales.","814 à 840",{"id":174,"title":175,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":176,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":177,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":178,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch14","Charles the Bald: The Birth of West Francia (840–877)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch14.png","Après 840, la Francie occidentale se stabilise entre guerre civile, Vikings et pouvoirs locaux.","840 à 877",{"id":180,"title":181,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":182,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":183,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":184,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch15","Louis the Stammerer: A Short Reign, a Fragile Kingdom (877–879)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch15.png","Après 877, Louis le Bègue hérite d’un royaume fragilisé et doit composer avec les grands.","877 à 879",{"id":186,"title":187,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":188,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":189,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":190,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch16","Louis III and Carloman II: Two Kings Facing the Vikings (879–884)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch16.jpg","Après 879, deux rois et un royaume sous pression viking ; le pouvoir se joue aussi chez les grands.","879 à 884",{"id":192,"title":193,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":194,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":195,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":196,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch17","Charles the Fat: Carolingian Unity and the Crisis of Power (884–888)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch17.jpg","Le siège de Paris (885–886) met à nu la crise du pouvoir carolingien, jusqu’à la rupture de 887–888.","884 à 888",{"id":198,"title":199,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":200,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":201,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":202,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch18","Odo: The Robertian King and the War of Prestige (888–898)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch18.jpg","Eudes impose une royauté robertienne par sacres, alliances et victoires, face à Charles le Simple.","888 à 898",{"id":204,"title":205,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":206,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":207,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":208,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch19","Charles the Simple: Norman Compromise, Imperial Ambitions, and Fall (898–929)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch19.jpg","Retour carolingien : compromis de 911, axe lotharingien, ambitions impériales, puis déposition et captivité.","898 à 929",{"id":210,"title":211,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":212,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":213,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":214,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch20","Robert I: The Robertian King of Civil War (922–923)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch20.jpg","Règne bref et décisif : sacre de 922, guerre civile, mort à Soissons et transition vers Raoul.","922 à 923",{"id":216,"title":217,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":218,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":219,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":220,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch21","Rudolph of Burgundy: King of the Franks Between Princes and Normans (923–936)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch21.jpg","Règne de Raoul : arbitrer entre princes, stabiliser la Normandie, puis succession carolingienne (936).","923 à 936",{"id":222,"title":223,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":224,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":225,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":226,"realm":43,"ready":44},"p4ch22","Louis IV \\\"d’Outremer\\\": Carolingian Return and the Princes’ War (936–954)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch22.jpg","Restauration carolingienne : rivalité avec Hugues le Grand, crise lotharingienne, capture de 945, puis consolidation.","936 à 954",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":48,"thumbnailArtworkId":43,"hasEn":44,"isFallback":45,"teaser":228,"coverFit":43,"coverPosition":43,"chronicle":46,"realm":43,"ready":44},"Lothaire et Louis V : guerre avec l’Empire, crise lotharingienne, mort de 987 et bascule capétienne.",1778543069825]