[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":211},["ShallowReactive",2],{"chapter:p4ch4:en":3,"chapters:p4:en":31},{"period":4,"chapter":14},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"html":17,"zooms":18,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":28,"realm":25,"seoDescription":29,"thumbnailUrl":30},"p4ch4","Chlothar I: The Last Son of Clovis","\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Map_Gaul_divisions_511-fr.svg\" alt=\"Division of the Frankish kingdom after Clovis\" class=\"kb-img-contain\">\n\u003Cem>The division of the Frankish kingdom after the death of Clovis (511) — Source: Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Chlothar I\u003C/strong> was the youngest of \u003Cstrong>Clovis’s\u003C/strong> sons.\u003Cbr>\nHis reign spans half a century and covers the entire first Merovingian generation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>He took part in:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>wars between brothers\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>external conquests\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>dynastic power struggles\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Little by little, he recovered the territories of the other branches of the family.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>558\u003C/strong>, he became \u003Cstrong>the sole king of the Franks\u003C/strong>, reuniting for a few years the kingdom founded by his father.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But this unity depended only on the person of the king: no durable institution guaranteed the stability of the realm.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>⏳ Quick timeline\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>511\u003C/strong>: division of Clovis’s kingdom; Chlothar becomes king of \u003Cstrong>Soissons\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>524\u003C/strong>: death of Clodomir during the war against the Burgundians.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>531\u003C/strong>: victory over the kingdom of \u003Cstrong>Thuringia\u003C/strong> with Theuderic.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>534\u003C/strong>: final conquest of the Burgundian kingdom.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>548–555\u003C/strong>: reign of Theudebald in Austrasia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>555\u003C/strong>: death of Theudebald; Chlothar annexes Austrasia.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>558\u003C/strong>: death of Childebert; Chlothar becomes sole king of the Franks.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>561\u003C/strong>: death of Chlothar; new division of the kingdom.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>🧩 A kingdom born from division (511)\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Like his brothers, Chlothar received a portion of Clovis’s kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>His territory was centred on \u003Cstrong>Soissons\u003C/strong> and included part of northern Gaul.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In Frankish tradition:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>the kingdom is considered a \u003Cstrong>family possession\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>each son receives a share\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>all bear the title of \u003Cstrong>king\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>This created a particular situation:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>several kings ruled Frankish Gaul at the same time.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>They could cooperate against an external enemy… but remained \u003Cstrong>rivals\u003C/strong> for control of territory.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar’s kingdom included several important regions of northern Gaul:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>the region of \u003Cstrong>Soissons\u003C/strong>, the initial centre of his power\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>part of the \u003Cstrong>Oise\u003C/strong> valley\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>territories situated between the kingdoms of his brothers\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>This geographic position gave him a strategic advantage:\u003Cbr>\nhe stood at the heart of the Frankish lands and could intervene quickly in conflicts between his brothers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>⚔️ Rivalries between brothers\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Clovis’s sons each ruled their own kingdom:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Theuderic I\u003C/strong> (Austrasia)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Clodomir\u003C/strong> (Orléans)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Childebert I\u003C/strong> (Paris)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Chlothar I\u003C/strong> (Soissons)\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Alliances often shifted.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>A king could support one brother against another, then turn against him a few years later.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These rivalries shaped Frankish politics for decades.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For Chlothar, these struggles were also opportunities: each dynastic crisis could allow him to expand his kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>⚖️ 524: the death of Clodomir\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>524\u003C/strong>, King \u003Cstrong>Clodomir\u003C/strong> died during a war against the Burgundians.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>He left several sons who were still children.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For Chlothar and \u003Cstrong>Childebert\u003C/strong>, the situation was dangerous:\u003Cbr>\nif these children inherited the kingdom, a new powerful branch of the dynasty could emerge.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>According to \u003Cstrong>Gregory of Tours\u003C/strong>, the two kings decided to have Clodomir’s children executed.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Only one survived:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Clodoald\u003C/strong>, who chose religious life and became \u003Cstrong>Saint Cloud\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Clodomir’s lands were then divided among his brothers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This episode shows the extreme violence of Merovingian rivalries.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>🛡️ External conquests\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch3>531: the war against Thuringia\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar also took part in the war against the kingdom of \u003Cstrong>Thuringia\u003C/strong>, located east of the Rhine.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>With his brother \u003Cstrong>Theuderic I\u003C/strong>, he faced the Thuringian king \u003Cstrong>Hermanfrid\u003C/strong>.\u003Cbr>\nThe Franks won and the Thuringian kingdom disappeared.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This conquest made it possible to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>extend Frankish influence toward central Europe\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>control new trade routes\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>integrate new populations into the orbit of the Frankish realm\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>The war also had a dynastic consequence: the Thuringian princess \u003Cstrong>Radegund\u003C/strong> was captured and brought to the Frankish court.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>Burgundy (534)\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Le_royaume_Burgonde_au_Ve_si%C3%A8cle.svg\" alt=\"Burgundian kingdom\">\n\u003Cem>The Burgundian kingdom in the 5th century — Source: Wikimedia Commons\u003C/em>\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Burgundian kingdom was one of the richest states in Gaul.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>After several military campaigns, the Frankish kings managed to conquer it in \u003Cstrong>534\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This conquest made it possible to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>extend Frankish domination over all of eastern Gaul\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>seize rich cities such as \u003Cstrong>Lyon\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong>Vienne\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>greatly increase the kingdom’s resources\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch3>Radegund: a captive princess who became a saint\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Among the captives from the Thuringian war was \u003Cstrong>Radegund\u003C/strong>, a princess of royal blood.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar took her as his wife a few years later.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>However, life at the Merovingian court was marked by political violence.\u003Cbr>\nRadegund eventually chose to leave the court and devote herself to religious life.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>She founded a monastery in \u003Cstrong>Poitiers\u003C/strong>, which became one of the major spiritual centres of Merovingian Gaul.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>After her death, she was venerated as \u003Cstrong>Saint Radegund\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>👑 Marriages and dynastic politics\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Like many Merovingian kings, Chlothar used marriage as a political tool.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Marriage alliances made it possible to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>consolidate relations with other elites\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>integrate newly conquered territories\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>strengthen the legitimacy of royal power\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Among his wives were:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Ingund\u003C/strong>, one of his first wives\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Aregund\u003C/strong>, Ingund’s sister\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Radegund\u003C/strong>, Thuringian princess captured during the conquest of Thuringia\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Vuldetrada\u003C/strong>, widow of Theudebald of Austrasia\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>These marriages illustrate the political dimension of royal unions in the Merovingian world.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>🏛️ 555: Austrasia falls under his control\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>After the death of King \u003Cstrong>Theudebert I\u003C/strong>, Austrasia was ruled by his son \u003Cstrong>Theudebald\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>But he died young in \u003Cstrong>555\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar intervened quickly and recovered this kingdom.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To strengthen his position, he married \u003Cstrong>Vuldetrada\u003C/strong>, Theudebald’s widow.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The Church condemned this marriage as incestuous, and it was annulled.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Despite this, Austrasia remained under his authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>👑 558: the Frankish kingdom reunified\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>The last obstacle disappeared in \u003Cstrong>558\u003C/strong>, when \u003Cstrong>Childebert I\u003C/strong> died without an heir.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar recovered his territories.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For the first time since Clovis’s death, the Frankish kingdom was \u003Cstrong>reunited under a single king\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This reunification then covered almost all of Gaul.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>However, it remained fragile: it depended only on the sovereign’s personal authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>⚖️ Governing Merovingian Gaul\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar’s power rested on several pillars.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Bishops\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Bishops often held strong local authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>They took part in:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>organising justice\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>mediating between kings and populations\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>managing the Church’s resources\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>In some cities, the bishop was even one of the main representatives of royal power.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Merovingian kings therefore maintained close relations with the Church to strengthen their legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Local elites\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Gallo-Roman aristocracies kept significant influence in cities.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>The Frankish army\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>The king had to maintain the loyalty of his warriors by distributing:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>booty\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>land\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>honours\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>🧩 561: a fragile legacy\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar died in \u003Cstrong>561\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Like his father Clovis before him, he divided the kingdom among his sons:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Charibert I\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Guntram\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Sigebert I\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Chilperic I\u003C/strong>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Frankish Gaul was therefore divided once again.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This new generation of kings would open an even more violent period of dynastic rivalries.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Chlothar I is \u003Cstrong>the last surviving son of Clovis\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>He gradually expands his kingdom through war and inheritance.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>558\u003C/strong> marks the reunification of the Frankish kingdom.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>561\u003C/strong>: after his death, the kingdom is divided again among his sons.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar embodies the Merovingian logic:\u003Cbr>\na powerful but fragile monarchy, where unity depends above all on the king’s personality.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch1>📚 Sources\u003C/h1>\n\u003Ch3>Primary sources (public domain)\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Gregory of Tours\u003C/strong>, \u003Cem>History of the Franks\u003C/em>\u003Cbr>\n\u003Ca href=\"https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Histoire_des_Francs\">https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Histoire_des_Francs\u003C/a>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch3>Free historical resources\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp>Chlothar I\u003Cbr>\n\u003Ca href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clotaire_Ier\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clotaire_Ier\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp>Burgundian kingdom\u003Cbr>\n\u003Ca href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_burgonde\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_burgonde\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch1>Image credits\u003C/h1>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Map of the Frankish kingdom in the 6th century — Romain0, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Burgundian kingdom — G CHPtranslator: Manlleus (ca), CC BY-SA 3.0 \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\u003C/a>, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>King Chlothar I — Jean Louis Bezard, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",[19,22],{"id":20,"title":21},"p4ch4z1","Theudebald: A King Too Young to Rule",{"id":23,"title":24},"p4ch4z2","558: How Chlothar Rebuilds the Kingdom","",true,false,"511 à 561","The division of the Frankish kingdom after the death of Clovis (511) — Source: Wikimedia Commons Rivalités mérovingiennes et retour au royaume unique (558).","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch4.jpg",{"period":32,"chapters":36},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":33,"coverArtworkId":35},{"fileName":25,"filePageUrl":25,"imageUrl":34,"sourceLabel":25},"/assets/carousels/p4/Alma-Tadema The Education of the Children of Clovis.jpg","alma-tadema-the-education-of-the-children-of-clovis",[37,43,50,57,63,69,75,77,84,90,97,103,109,115,121,127,133,139,145,151,157,163,169,175,181,187,193,199,205],{"id":38,"title":39,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":40,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":41,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":42,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch1","Clovis: The King Who Forged Gaul","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch1.jpg","Le premier grand roi franc et l'unification de la Gaule.","481 à 511",{"id":44,"title":45,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":46,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":47,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":48,"realm":49,"ready":26},"p4ch2","Theuderic I: Heir of the East (Austrasia)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2.jpg","Le partage de 511 et la naissance de l'Austrasie.","511 à 534","Austrasie",{"id":51,"title":52,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":53,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":54,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":55,"realm":56,"ready":26},"p4ch2b","Clodomir: Orléans and the Burgundian War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2b.png","Division of the Frankish kingdom after the death of Clovis — Source: Wikimedia Commons","511 à 524","Orléans",{"id":58,"title":59,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":60,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":54,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":61,"realm":62,"ready":26},"p4ch2c","Childebert I: Paris, Alliances, and Expansion","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch2c.jpg","511 à 558","Paris",{"id":64,"title":65,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":66,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":67,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":68,"realm":49,"ready":26},"p4ch3","Theudebert I: Austrasia’s King Looking Toward Rome","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3.png","Un roi d'Austrasie, entre Méditerranée, monnaie et ambitions italiennes.","534 à 548",{"id":70,"title":71,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":72,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":73,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":74,"realm":49,"ready":26},"p4ch3b","Theudebald: A Brief Reign in Austrasia","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch3b.png","The Frankish kingdom in 548 — Source: Wikimedia Commons","548 à 555",{"id":15,"title":16,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":30,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":76,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":28,"realm":25,"ready":26},"Rivalités mérovingiennes et retour au royaume unique (558).",{"id":78,"title":79,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":80,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":81,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":82,"realm":83,"ready":26},"p4ch5","Chilperic I: Ambition and the Royal Feud","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5.jpg","Les luttes de pouvoir et la rivalité Frédégonde-Brunehaut après 561.","561 à 584","Neustrie",{"id":85,"title":86,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":87,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":88,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":89,"realm":49,"ready":26},"p4ch5b","Sigebert I: Austrasia and the Brothers’ War","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5b.jpg","In 561 , King Chlothar I , the last son of Clovis , died. As in the previous generation, his kingdom was divided among his sons.","561 à 575",{"id":91,"title":92,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":93,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":94,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":95,"realm":96,"ready":26},"p4ch5c","Guntram: Burgundy and Merovingian Arbitration","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5c.jpg","After King Chlothar I died in 561 , the Frankish kingdom was once again divided among his sons.","561 à 592","Bourgogne",{"id":98,"title":99,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":100,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":101,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":102,"realm":62,"ready":26},"p4ch5d","Charibert I: Paris and a Brief Reign","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch5d.png","In 561 , after King Chlothar I died, the Frankish kingdom was divided among his sons according to Merovingian tradition.","561 à 567",{"id":104,"title":105,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":106,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":107,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":108,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch6","Chlothar II: The Survivor and the Unifier","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch6.png","La fin de la Faide royale et la réunification du royaume franc.","584 à 629",{"id":110,"title":111,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":112,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":113,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":114,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch7","Dagobert I: The Last Great Merovingian King","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch7.png","L'âge d'or mérovingien, Saint Éloi et la fondation de Saint-Denis.","629 à 639",{"id":116,"title":117,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":118,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":119,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":120,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch8","The Mayors of the Palace: Power Shifts (639–687)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch8.jpg","Après Dagobert, la réalité du pouvoir passe aux maires du palais.","639 à 687",{"id":122,"title":123,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":124,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":125,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":126,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch9","Pepin of Herstal: Prince of the Franks (687–714)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch9.png","Après Tertry, Pépin de Herstal gouverne comme l'homme fort du royaume.","687 à 714",{"id":128,"title":129,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":130,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":131,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":132,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch10","Charles Martel: Ruling Without a Crown (714–741)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch10.png","Après 714, Charles Martel devient l'homme fort du royaume franc.","714 à 741",{"id":134,"title":135,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":136,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":137,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":138,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch11","Pepin the Short: From Real Power to the Crown (741–768)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch11.png","Après 741, Pépin transforme le pouvoir pépinide en royauté.","741 à 768",{"id":140,"title":141,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":142,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":143,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":144,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch12","Charlemagne: Inherit, Conquer, Scale Up (768–814)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch12.png","Après 768, Charlemagne unifie le pouvoir et change d’échelle.","768 à 814",{"id":146,"title":147,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":148,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":149,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":150,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch13","Louis the Pious: The Empire Put to the Test (814–840)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch13.png","À partir de 814, Louis le Pieux tente de maintenir l’unité impériale face aux crises successorales.","814 à 840",{"id":152,"title":153,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":154,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":155,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":156,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch14","Charles the Bald: The Birth of West Francia (840–877)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch14.png","Après 840, la Francie occidentale se stabilise entre guerre civile, Vikings et pouvoirs locaux.","840 à 877",{"id":158,"title":159,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":160,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":161,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":162,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch15","Louis the Stammerer: A Short Reign, a Fragile Kingdom (877–879)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch15.png","Après 877, Louis le Bègue hérite d’un royaume fragilisé et doit composer avec les grands.","877 à 879",{"id":164,"title":165,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":166,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":167,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":168,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch16","Louis III and Carloman II: Two Kings Facing the Vikings (879–884)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch16.jpg","Après 879, deux rois et un royaume sous pression viking ; le pouvoir se joue aussi chez les grands.","879 à 884",{"id":170,"title":171,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":172,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":173,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":174,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch17","Charles the Fat: Carolingian Unity and the Crisis of Power (884–888)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch17.jpg","Le siège de Paris (885–886) met à nu la crise du pouvoir carolingien, jusqu’à la rupture de 887–888.","884 à 888",{"id":176,"title":177,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":178,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":179,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":180,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch18","Odo: The Robertian King and the War of Prestige (888–898)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch18.jpg","Eudes impose une royauté robertienne par sacres, alliances et victoires, face à Charles le Simple.","888 à 898",{"id":182,"title":183,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":184,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":185,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":186,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch19","Charles the Simple: Norman Compromise, Imperial Ambitions, and Fall (898–929)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch19.jpg","Retour carolingien : compromis de 911, axe lotharingien, ambitions impériales, puis déposition et captivité.","898 à 929",{"id":188,"title":189,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":190,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":191,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":192,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch20","Robert I: The Robertian King of Civil War (922–923)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch20.jpg","Règne bref et décisif : sacre de 922, guerre civile, mort à Soissons et transition vers Raoul.","922 à 923",{"id":194,"title":195,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":196,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":197,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":198,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch21","Rudolph of Burgundy: King of the Franks Between Princes and Normans (923–936)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch21.jpg","Règne de Raoul : arbitrer entre princes, stabiliser la Normandie, puis succession carolingienne (936).","923 à 936",{"id":200,"title":201,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":202,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":203,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":204,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch22","Louis IV \\\"d’Outremer\\\": Carolingian Return and the Princes’ War (936–954)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch22.jpg","Restauration carolingienne : rivalité avec Hugues le Grand, crise lotharingienne, capture de 945, puis consolidation.","936 à 954",{"id":206,"title":207,"periodId":5,"thumbnailUrl":208,"thumbnailArtworkId":25,"hasEn":26,"isFallback":27,"teaser":209,"coverFit":25,"coverPosition":25,"chronicle":210,"realm":25,"ready":26},"p4ch23","Lothair and Louis V: The End of the Carolingians (954–987)","/assets/covers/cover-p4ch23.jpg","Lothaire et Louis V : guerre avec l’Empire, crise lotharingienne, mort de 987 et bascule capétienne.","954 à 987",1778543068651]