[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":25},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p1ch1z2:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":15,"zoom":18},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":9,"cover":10},"p1","Prehistory","Prehistoria","≈ 1,000,000 BC → 600 BC","≈ 1 000 000 a. C. → 600 a. C.",{"fileName":11,"filePageUrl":12,"imageUrl":13,"sourceLabel":14},"Lascaux, horse.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lascaux%2C%20horse.JPG","/assets/p1-prehistoire-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":16,"title":17},"p1ch1","The Origins of Humanity",{"id":19,"title":20,"chapterId":16,"html":21,"hasEn":22,"isFallback":23,"seoDescription":24},"p1ch1z2","Homo erectus","\u003Ch2>A pioneer of humanity\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cimg src=\"/assets/p1/ch1/z2/Homo_erectus_reconstruction_in_Kulturama_Museum.jpg\" alt=\"Reconstruction of Homo erectus\">\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🌍 Who is Homo erectus?\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Homo erectus\u003C/strong> is one of the first human species to leave Africa.\u003Cbr>\nIt appeared around \u003Cstrong>1.9 million years ago\u003C/strong> and gradually spread to Asia and Europe.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Its name means \u003Cem>“upright man”\u003C/em>, as it walked \u003Cstrong>fully upright\u003C/strong>, like modern humans.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 New abilities\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Compared to earlier human species, Homo erectus shows:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>a \u003Cstrong>larger brain\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>a better ability to \u003Cstrong>plan actions\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>a more developed social organization.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>These abilities allowed it to adapt to a wide range of environments, sometimes hostile.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🪨 A tool maker\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Homo erectus made \u003Cstrong>stone tools\u003C/strong>, including:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>modified pebbles\u003C/strong>,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Acheulean hand axes\u003C/strong>.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>These tools were used to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>cut meat,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>work wood,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>break bones to access marrow.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>Tool-making relied on \u003Cstrong>knowledge passed down\u003C/strong> within the group.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🔥 The question of fire\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Some archaeological sites suggest that Homo erectus may have been among the \u003Cstrong>first humans to use fire\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Fire would have allowed them to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>keep warm,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>ward off predators,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>cook certain foods.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>⚠️ This mastery remains \u003Cstrong>debated\u003C/strong> depending on regions and periods.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧭 Presence in Europe and France\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The presence of Homo erectus in Europe is attested more than \u003Cstrong>1 million years ago\u003C/strong>.\u003Cbr>\nIn France, it is known \u003Cstrong>indirectly\u003C/strong>, through:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>tools,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>traces of occupation,\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>modified animal remains.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Cp>These groups were \u003Cstrong>nomadic\u003C/strong>, following resources and seasons.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>📸 Image credits\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Homo erectus reconstruction — Tiia Monto, \u003Ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\">CC BY-SA 3.0\u003C/a>, via Wikimedia Commons\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>📚 Sources\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>National Museum of Natural History\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>CNRS – Origins of Humanity\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>INRAP – Prehistory files\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Encyclopædia Britannica – \u003Cem>Homo erectus\u003C/em>\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"In-depth look at Homo erectus from The Origins of Humanity in French history. Timeline, key actors, and consequences are clearly explained.",1778543141669]