[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":24},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p4ch10z6:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":14,"zoom":17},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16},"p4ch10","Charles Martel: Ruling Without a Crown (714–741)",{"id":18,"title":19,"chapterId":15,"html":20,"hasEn":21,"isFallback":22,"seoDescription":23},"p4ch10z6","735–739: Provence, Septimania, and the Rhône War","\u003Cp>After 732, the battle of Tours/Poitiers does not “close” the frontier. In the South, Umayyad presence remains durable in \u003Cstrong>Septimania\u003C/strong> around \u003Cstrong>Narbonne\u003C/strong>, and operations affect \u003Cstrong>Provence\u003C/strong> and the \u003Cstrong>Rhône\u003C/strong> valley.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚔️ An unstable zone: local allies and strongholds\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In the Midi, war does not only oppose “Franks” to “Saracens”: it also involves \u003Cstrong>local powers\u003C/strong> that negotiate, ally, or resist according to their interests. Charles’s campaigns aim to:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>push back installed forces or raiders\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>retake \u003Cstrong>footholds\u003C/strong> (cities, bridges, fortresses)\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>break alliances that threaten Frankish authority\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🏰 736–737: Avignon, Arles, Narbonne\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Around \u003Cstrong>736–737\u003C/strong>, Charles conducts major operations in Provence and toward Narbonne. Exact chronologies vary by source, but the overall idea is consistent: \u003Cstrong>regain control\u003C/strong> of the Rhône corridors and limit enemy bases of operation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Tradition also remembers fighting near the \u003Cstrong>Berre\u003C/strong> (737), in the wider conflict around Narbonne and coastal routes.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🤝 Alliances and what follows\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Depending on circumstances, Charles may seek outside support, notably from the Lombards. Despite these campaigns, \u003Cstrong>Narbonne\u003C/strong> remains a key stake: the city will be taken only in \u003Cstrong>759\u003C/strong>, under \u003Cstrong>Pepin the Short\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This continuity highlights a major point: building Pippinid power takes several generations.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>After 732, the southern frontier remains active: Septimania and Provence stay war zones.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Charles campaigns to control the Rhône and contain Narbonne.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Narbonne’s final capture belongs to Pepin the Short’s time (759).\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"After 732, the battle of Tours/Poitiers does not “close” the frontier. In the South, Umayyad presence remains durable in Septimania around Narbonne , and",1778543117566]