[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":24},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p4ch12z1:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":14,"zoom":17},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16},"p4ch12","Charlemagne: Inherit, Conquer, Scale Up (768–814)",{"id":18,"title":19,"chapterId":15,"html":20,"hasEn":21,"isFallback":22,"seoDescription":23},"p4ch12z1","768–771: Co‑Rule and the Fracture Between Brothers","\u003Cp>When Pepin the Short dies in \u003Cstrong>768\u003C/strong>, his two sons become kings: \u003Cstrong>Charles\u003C/strong> and \u003Cstrong>Carloman\u003C/strong>. This co‑rule follows Frankish custom, but it creates a structural tension: two courts, two clienteles, two logics.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚖️ A division that does not erase rivalry\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Before his death, Pepin planned a \u003Cstrong>division\u003C/strong> of the kingdom. It does not cut space into two simple sets: territories are distributed in a complex way. Charles’s lands form more of a western arc, while Carloman’s concentrate further east; \u003Cstrong>Austrasia\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Neustria\u003C/strong>, and \u003Cstrong>Aquitaine\u003C/strong> are split.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>On \u003Cstrong>9 October 768\u003C/strong>, each is proclaimed king by his own followers: Charles at \u003Cstrong>Noyon\u003C/strong>, Carloman at \u003Cstrong>Soissons\u003C/strong>. Co‑rule thus begins under the sign of a double legitimacy — but a separated one.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The problem is not only territorial. It is political:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>each brother must consolidate his supporters\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>each joint decision can become a test of strength\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>the kingdom’s unity depends on a fragile balance\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧭 769–771: Aquitaine and the “Lombard question”\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In the first years, Charles is absorbed by \u003Cstrong>Aquitaine\u003C/strong>, which he handles without Carloman’s help. Then the years \u003Cstrong>769–771\u003C/strong> are marked by alliance calculations, notably around the \u003Cstrong>Lombards\u003C/strong> and marriage plans, complicating cooperation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 771: unified decision\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>771\u003C/strong>, Carloman dies suddenly at the Carolingian palace of \u003Cstrong>Samoussy\u003C/strong>, near \u003Cstrong>Laon\u003C/strong>. Charles seizes his brother’s lands and sets aside his nephews’ rights. Carloman’s widow, \u003Cstrong>Gerberga\u003C/strong>, takes refuge in Italy with the Lombard king.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This moment is decisive: it makes a coherent, continuous strategy possible, without permanent negotiation between brothers.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>768–771 is a phase of uncertainty: two kings, one dynasty.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>771 makes political decision‑making unified around Charles.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>“Charlemagne scale” becomes possible when power becomes unified.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"When Pepin the Short dies in 768 , his two sons become kings: Charles and Carloman . This co‑rule follows Frankish custom, but it creates a structural tension:",1778543119526]