[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":24},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p4ch21z4:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":14,"zoom":17},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"cover":9},"p4","Early Middle Ages","Alta Edad Media","476 → 987",{"fileName":10,"filePageUrl":11,"imageUrl":12,"sourceLabel":13},"François Louis Dejuinne 08265 baptême de CLovis.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois%20Louis%20Dejuinne%2008265%20bapt%C3%AAme%20de%20CLovis.JPG","/assets/p4-haut-moyen-age-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":15,"title":16},"p4ch21","Rudolph of Burgundy: King of the Franks Between Princes and Normans (923–936)",{"id":18,"title":19,"chapterId":15,"html":20,"hasEn":21,"isFallback":22,"seoDescription":23},"p4ch21z4","924–930: From Rollo to William Longsword","\u003Cp>Early in Rudolph’s reign, Normandy remains a war zone. Viking leaders are already established and alternate raids, negotiations, and territorial expansion.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⚔️ 924: the Oise and negotiation with Rollo\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>924\u003C/strong>, Rudolph fights on the \u003Cstrong>Oise\u003C/strong> against \u003Cstrong>Rollo’s\u003C/strong> Normans, previously called by Charles the Simple. The campaign ends in a negotiated peace: in exchange for stopping incursions, Rollo receives territories, notably the \u003Cstrong>Hiémois\u003C/strong> and the \u003Cstrong>Bessin\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🛡️ 925: Eu, a coalition victory\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In summer \u003Cstrong>925\u003C/strong>, Rudolph gathers a large army and wins at \u003Cstrong>Eu\u003C/strong>, with the help of major princes including \u003Cstrong>Herbert II of Vermandois\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Helgaud of Ponthieu\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Arnulf of Flanders\u003C/strong>, and \u003Cstrong>Adalolph of Boulogne\u003C/strong>. The episode shows defence is coalition‑based: the king depends on princely forces.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>💥 926: Fauquembergues, the cost of defeat\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Cstrong>926\u003C/strong>, the royal host is badly beaten at \u003Cstrong>Fauquembergues\u003C/strong> on the \u003Cstrong>Aa\u003C/strong> (near Thérouanne). \u003Cstrong>Helgaud\u003C/strong> is killed, and Rudolph, badly wounded, retreats to \u003Cstrong>Laon\u003C/strong>. Victors can then plunder widely, up to Lorraine’s borders.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🤝 Around 930: stabilise, negotiate, concede\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>After Rollo, Norman power consolidates around \u003Cstrong>Rouen\u003C/strong> under \u003Cstrong>William I\u003C/strong>, called \u003Cstrong>William Longsword\u003C/strong>. In \u003Cstrong>930\u003C/strong>, Rudolph receives his homage: the king turns an old enemy into a political partner — at the price of concessions, notably granting the \u003Cstrong>Cotentin\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The goal is no longer merely stopping a raid, but framing a principality: loyalty, negotiated peace, and territorial arbitration to secure routes and avoid renewed open war.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key takeaways\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Rudolph negotiates with Rollo after the 924 fighting.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The 925 victory depends on a princely coalition.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The 926 defeat shows royal military fragility.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Around 930, Normandy asserts itself as a durable principality.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"Early in Rudolph’s reign, Normandy remains a war zone. Viking leaders are already established and alternate raids, negotiations, and territorial expansion.",1778543123196]