[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":25},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p5ch19z5:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":15,"zoom":18},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"coverArtworkId":8,"range":9,"rangeEn":9,"rangeEs":9,"cover":10},"p5","High Middle Ages","Plena Edad Media","hannibal-alpes","987 → 1453",{"fileName":11,"filePageUrl":12,"imageUrl":13,"sourceLabel":14},"Facade-notre-dame-paris-ciel-bleu.JPG","https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Facade-notre-dame-paris-ciel-bleu.JPG","/assets/p5-moyen-age-classique-cover.png","Wikimedia Commons",{"id":16,"title":17},"p5ch19","Charles VII: Joan of Arc, Reconquest and Restoration of the State (1422–1461)",{"id":19,"title":20,"chapterId":16,"html":21,"hasEn":22,"isFallback":23,"seoDescription":24},"p5ch19z5","1445–1448: Permanent army and free archers","\u003Cp>To win durably, winning a battle was not enough: a stable military apparatus was needed. Under Charles VII, the State strengthened its control over armed force.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🛡️ Companies of Ordinance (1445)\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Taking advantage of a lull in the Hundred Years’ War, King Charles VII created, by the \u003Cstrong>Ordinance of 1445\u003C/strong>, the first permanent military units at the disposal of the King of France, known as \u003Cstrong>companies of ordinance\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These units aimed both at greater combat effectiveness of the royal army, and at reducing the damage caused by the army on the move. They would play a great role in France’s victory at the end of the Hundred Years’ War in 1453.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>These reforms replaced dependence on companies and irregular levies with more disciplined troops, better integrated into royal power. This also limited the pillaging and violence associated with demobilisation.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🏹 1448: The free archers\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The “small ordinance” of 1448 organised local mobilisation: in numerous parishes, one archer was to be equipped, trained and available. This logic complemented the standing army: a permanent core, and a reinforcement capacity.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 Key points\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>1445\u003C/strong>: creation of the companies of ordinance — France’s first permanent army\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>1448\u003C/strong>: creation of the free archers — local mobilisation\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Military reform transformed the State: taxation, discipline, control of troops\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The army became a durable instrument of reconquest\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"To win durably, winning a battle was not enough: a stable military apparatus was needed. Under Charles VII, the State strengthened its control over armed force.",1778543141248]