[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":22},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p6ch2z10:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":12,"zoom":15},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"covers":9},"p6","The Hundred Years' War","La Guerra de los Cien Años","1328 → 1461",[10],{"filename":11,"url":11},"COMTE_Pierre-Charles_Sacre_de_Charles_VII_Huile_sur_toile.jpg",{"id":13,"title":14},"p6ch2","John II the Good: Captivity, Internal Crisis, and the Treaty of Brétigny (1350–1364)",{"id":16,"title":17,"chapterId":13,"html":18,"hasEn":19,"isFallback":20,"seoDescription":21},"p6ch2z10","November 1350: The Execution of Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Guînes","\u003Cp>Just weeks after the coronation, John II strikes hard. The swift execution of a great lord, \u003Cstrong>Raoul II of Brienne\u003C/strong>, constable of France and count of Guînes, becomes a political signal: the new king intends to control loyalties in a kingdom where rivalries and alliance shifts are permanent.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>⛓️ Arrest, Trial, and Confiscation\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Returned from captivity, Raoul of Brienne is arrested, tried quickly, and beheaded in closed session \u003Cstrong>in November 1350\u003C/strong>. His goods are confiscated. The exact causes remain debated: the charge of high treason is evoked, in a context where some great lords possess lands and interests on both sides of the Channel.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🌊 Channel, Trade, and Suspicions of Treason\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Coastal zones live from maritime trade: for part of the aristocracy, war directly threatens economic circuits. In this framework, the idea that a lord might have negotiated his liberation or position at the cost of political commitments becomes plausible to royal power, even if the affair is surrounded by secrecy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Rumors also circulate, which target the constable’s reputation and, by ricochet, the court. In a contested monarchy, control of the narrative matters as much as sanction.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧭 Political Effects: Strengthening Camps\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>The execution fuels solidarities hostile to the king: Norman networks and nobles in regions dependent on trade with England can feel threatened. This affair thus helps strengthen the political space where \u003Cstrong>Charles II of Navarre\u003C/strong> seeks to federate the discontented.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 To Remember\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>1350: John II secures his reign through a show of strength.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>War makes loyalties ambiguous, especially in maritime regions.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The execution nourishes oppositions and party recompositions.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"Just weeks after the coronation, John II strikes hard. The swift execution of a great lord, Raoul II of Brienne , constable of France and count of Guînes,",1782343319528]