[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":22},["ShallowReactive",2],{"zoom:p6ch3z7:en":3},{"period":4,"chapter":12,"zoom":15},{"id":5,"title":6,"titleEn":6,"titleEs":7,"range":8,"rangeEn":8,"rangeEs":8,"covers":9},"p6","The Hundred Years' War","La Guerra de los Cien Años","1328 → 1461",[10],{"filename":11,"url":11},"COMTE_Pierre-Charles_Sacre_de_Charles_VII_Huile_sur_toile.jpg",{"id":13,"title":14},"p6ch3","Charles V the Wise: Reconquest, State, and the Western Schism (1364–1380)",{"id":16,"title":17,"chapterId":13,"html":18,"hasEn":19,"isFallback":20,"seoDescription":21},"p6ch3z7","Charles V's Paris: Fortifications, the Louvre, and the Royal Library","\u003Cp>Under Charles V, Paris became both more defensible and more administrative. Protecting the capital meant protecting taxation, information, and the center of government.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧱 Fortifying to Govern\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>After the crises of the 1350s, fortification projects served several goals:\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>visible royal protection;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>concentration of authority;\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>prevention of coups and urban upheaval.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🏰 Royal Residences as Political Infrastructure\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Charles V maintained and transformed a network of residences that were simultaneously living spaces, administrative hubs, and crisis refuges. He modernized multiple sites and often ruled from the \u003Cstrong>Hotel Saint-Pol\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🏰 The Louvre: Fortress to Palace-State Symbol\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>From the late 1360s, the \u003Cstrong>Louvre\u003C/strong> was deeply remodeled into a royal residence and governmental symbol, blending defense, court life, and institutional authority.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>📚 The Royal Library: Knowledge as Statecraft\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Charles V established a \u003Cstrong>Royal Library\u003C/strong> in the Louvre, with dedicated rooms and structured custody. It was both cultural and political: translation into French, circulation of administrative and philosophical texts, and training of governing elites.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Works associated with \u003Cstrong>Nicole Oresme\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>Raoul de Presles\u003C/strong>, and other translators supported a broader program in which knowledge reinforced legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🔁 Long-Term Legacy\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Though later dispersed and reconstituted, the idea of a sovereign library endured and contributed over time to the institutional lineage of the \u003Cstrong>Bibliotheque nationale de France\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Chr>\n\u003Ch2>🧠 To Remember\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Defending Paris was central to defending the monarchy.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Saint-Pol, the Louvre, and Beaute reflected a unified logic of secure rule.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The royal library turned knowledge into an instrument of state.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n",true,false,"Under Charles V, Paris became both more defensible and more administrative. Protecting the capital meant protecting taxation, information, and the center of",1782343318511]